286 Pages · 11.00 mb ·
Architecture
- Cover (Page 1) - Title Page (Page 2) - Copyright (Page 3) - Contents (Page 8) - Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION TO ESTIMATING (Page 14) - 1–1 General Introduction (Page 14) - 1–2 Types of Estimates (Page 15) - Detailed Estimate (Page 15) - Assembly Estimating (Page 15) - Square-Foot Estimates (Page 16) - Parametric Estimates (Page 16) - Model Estimating (Page 16) - Project Comparison Estimates (Page 17) - 1–3 Estimating Opportunities (Page 17) - 1–4 The Estimator (Page 19) - 1–5 Quantity Surveying (Page 20) - 1–6 Types of Bids (Page 20) - 1–7 Contract Documents (Page 20) - 1–8 Bidding Information (Page 21) - 1–9 Availability of Contract Documents (Page 21) - 1–10 Sources of Estimating Information (Page 22) - Web Resources (Page 23) - Review Questions (Page 23) - Chapter 2 CONTRACTS, BONDS, AND INSURANCE (Page 24) - 2–1 The Contract System (Page 24) - 2–2 Types of Agreements (Page 24) - Lump-Sum Agreement (Stipulated Sum, Fixed Price) (Page 25) - Unit-Price Agreement (Page 25) - Cost-Plus-Fee Agreements (Page 26) - 2–3 Agreement Provisions (Page 26) - 2–4 Bonds (Page 27) - Bid Bond (Page 28) - Performance Bond (Page 28) - Labor and Material Bond (Page 28) - 2–5 Obtaining Bonds (Page 28) - 2–6 Insurance (Page 29) - Web Resources (Page 30) - Review Questions (Page 30) - Chapter 3 PROJECT MANUAL (Page 31) - 3–1 Introduction (Page 31) - 3–2 Construction Specifications Institute (Page 31) - 3–3 Invitation to Bid (Advertisement for Bids) (Page 34) - 3–4 Instruction to Bidders (Information for Bidders) (Page 35) - 3–5 Bid (Proposal) Forms (Page 37) - 3–6 Form of Owner/Contractor Agreement (Page 37) - 3–7 General Conditions (Page 37) - 3–8 Supplementary General Conditions (Page 37) - 3–9 Specifications (Page 38) - 3–10 Alternates (Page 38) - 3–11 Addenda (Page 38) - 3–12 Errors in the Specifications (Page 39) - Web Resources (Page 40) - Review Questions (Page 40) - Chapter 4 THE ESTIMATE (Page 41) - 4–1 Organization (Page 41) - 4–2 Planning the Estimate (Page 41) - 4–3 Notebook (Page 41) - 4–4 To Bid or Not to Bid (Page 42) - 4–5 The Estimate (Page 42) - 4–6 Site Investigation (Page 44) - 4–7 Specialty Contractors (Page 45) - 4–8 Materials (Page 46) - 4–9 Workup Sheets (Page 46) - 4–10 Summary Sheet (Page 47) - 4–11 Errors and Omissions (Page 49) - Web Resources (Page 50) - Review Questions (Page 50) - Chapter 5 COMPUTERS IN ESTIMATING (Page 51) - 5–1 Overview (Page 51) - 5–2 Benefits and Dangers of Computerized Estimating (Page 51) - 5–3 Spreadsheets (Page 52) - 5–4 Specialized Estimating Software (Page 52) - 5–5 Takeoff Software (Page 53) - Web Resources (Page 55) - Review Questions (Page 55) - Chapter 6 OVERHEAD AND CONTINGENCIES (Page 56) - 6–1 Overhead (Page 56) - 6–2 Home Office Overhead (Page 56) - 6–3 Job Overhead (General Conditions, Direct Overhead) (Page 58) - 6–4 Scheduling (Page 60) - 6–5 Contingencies (Page 61) - 6–6 Checklist (Page 61) - Undistributed Labor (Page 61) - Temporary Buildings, Enclosures, and Facilities (Page 61) - Temporary Office (Page 62) - Barricades and Signal Lights (Page 62) - Temporary Utilities (Page 63) - Repairs and Protection (Page 63) - Relocating Utilities (Page 63) - Cleaning (Page 63) - Permits (Page 63) - Professional Services (Page 64) - Labor Burdens and Taxes (Page 64) - Bonds and Insurance (Page 64) - Miscellaneous Equipment and Services (Page 64) - Web Resources (Page 64) - Review Questions (Page 64) - Chapter 7 LABOR (Page 66) - 7–1 Labor Hours and Productivity (Page 66) - 7–2 Unions—Wages and Rules (Page 69) - 7–3 Open Shop (Page 70) - 7–4 Labor Burden (Page 70) - 7–5 Pricing Labor (Page 72) - Web Resources (Page 73) - Review Questions (Page 73) - Chapter 8 EQUIPMENT (Page 74) - 8–1 General (Page 74) - 8–2 Operating Costs (Page 74) - 8–3 Depreciation (Page 75) - 8–4 Interest (Page 75) - 8–5 Ownership Costs (Page 76) - 8–6 Rental Costs (Page 77) - 8–7 Miscellaneous Tools (Page 77) - 8–8 Cost Accounting (Page 77) - 8–9 Mobilization (Page 77) - 8–10 Checklist (Page 78) - Review Questions (Page 78) - Chapter 9 EXCAVATION (Page 79) - 9–1 General (Page 79) - 9–2 Specifications (Page 79) - 9–3 Soil (Page 79) - 9–4 Calculating Excavation (Page 79) - 9–5 Equipment (Page 80) - 9–6 Earthwork—New Site Grades and Rough Grading (Page 80) - Cross-Section Method (Page 82) - Average End Area (Page 89) - 9–7 Perimeter and Area (Page 91) - 9–8 Topsoil Removal (Page 92) - 9–9 General Excavation (Page 94) - 9–10 Special Excavation (Page 98) - 9–11 Backfilling (Page 98) - 9–12 Excess and Borrow (Page 100) - 9–13 Spreading Topsoil, Finish Grade (Page 100) - 9–14 Landscaping (Page 100) - 9–15 Pumping (Dewatering) (Page 101) - 9–16 Rock Excavation (Page 101) - 9–17 Subcontractors (Page 101) - 9–18 Excavation Checklist (Page 101) - 9–19 Piles (Page 102) - 9–20 Pile Checklist (Page 103) - 9–21 Asphalt Paving (Page 103) - Web Resources (Page 104) - Review Questions (Page 104) - Chapter 10 CONCRETE (Page 105) - 10–1 Concrete Work (Page 105) - 10–2 Estimating Concrete (Page 105) - 10–3 Reinforcing (Page 113) - 10–4 Vapor Retarder (Page 120) - 10–5 Accessories (Page 121) - 10–6 Concrete Finishing (Page 121) - 10–7 Curing (Page 123) - 10–8 Transporting Concrete (Page 124) - 10–9 Forms (Page 124) - 10–10 Form Liners (Page 126) - 10–11 Checklist (Page 127) - 10–12 Precast Concrete (Page 127) - 10–13 Specifications (Page 128) - 10–14 Estimating (Page 128) - 10–15 Precast Tees (Page 129) - 10–16 Precast Slabs (Page 129) - 10–17 Precast Beams and Columns (Page 130) - 10–18 Miscellaneous Precast (Page 130) - 10–19 Precast Costs (Page 130) - 10–20 Precast Checklist (Page 131) - Web Resources (Page 131) - Review Questions (Page 131) - Chapter 11 MASONRY (Page 132) - 11–1 General (Page 132) - 11–2 Specifications (Page 132) - 11–3 Labor (Page 132) - 11–4 Bonds (Patterns) (Page 132) - 11–5 Concrete Masonry (Page 133) - Concrete Block (Page 133) - 11–6 Specifications—Concrete Masonry (Page 135) - 11–7 Estimating—Concrete Masonry (Page 135) - 11–8 Clay Masonry (Page 138) - 11–9 Specifications—Brick (Page 138) - 11–10 Estimating Brick (Page 139) - 11–11 Specifications—Tile (Page 141) - 11–12 Estimating Tile (Page 141) - 11–13 Stone Masonry (Page 141) - 11–14 Specifications—Stone (Page 141) - 11–15 Estimating Stone (Page 141) - 11–16 Mortar (Page 142) - 11–17 Accessories (Page 142) - 11–18 Reinforcing Bars (Page 146) - 11–19 Cleaning (Page 146) - 11–20 Equipment (Page 147) - 11–21 Cold Weather (Page 147) - 11–22 Subcontractors (Page 147) - 11–23 Checklist (Page 148) - Web Resources (Page 148) - Review Questions (Page 148) - Chapter 12 METALS (Page 149) - 12–1 General (Page 149) - 12–2 Structural Metal (Page 149) - 12–3 Structural Metal Framing (Page 149) - 12–4 Metal Joists (Page 151) - 12–5 Metal Decking (Page 155) - 12–6 Miscellaneous Structural Metal (Page 156) - 12–7 Metal Erection Subcontractors (Page 156) - 12–8 Miscellaneous Metals (Page 156) - 12–9 Metal Checklist (Page 157) - Web Resources (Page 157) - Review Questions (Page 157) - Chapter 13 WOOD (Page 158) - 13–1 Frame Construction (Page 158) - 13–2 Board Measure (Page 158) - 13–3 Floor Framing (Page 159) - 13–4 Wall Framing (Page 169) - Exterior Walls (Page 169) - Interior Walls (Page 176) - 13–5 Ceiling Assembly (Page 177) - 13–6 Roof Assembly (Page 179) - 13–7 Trim (Page 182) - 13–8 Labor (Page 182) - 13–9 Wood Systems (Page 183) - 13–10 Wood Trusses (Page 183) - 13–11 Laminated Beams and Arches (Page 185) - 13–12 Wood Decking (Page 185) - 13–13 Plywood Systems (Page 186) - 13–14 Wood Checklist (Page 186) - Web Resources (Page 187) - Review Questions (Page 187) - Chapter 14 THERMAL AND MOISTURE PROTECTION (Page 188) - 14–1 Waterproofing (Page 188) - 14–2 Membrane Waterproofing (Page 188) - 14–3 Integral Method (Page 189) - 14–4 Metallic Method (Page 190) - 14–5 Dampproofing (Page 190) - 14–6 Painting Method (Page 190) - 14–7 Parging (Plastering) (Page 191) - 14–8 Insulation (Page 191) - 14–9 Roofing (Page 193) - 14–10 Roof Areas (Page 193) - 14–11 Shingles (Page 194) - Asphalt Shingles (Page 194) - Wood Shingles (Page 194) - 14–12 Built-Up Roofing (Page 195) - 14–13 Corrugated Sheets (Including Ribbed, V-Beam) (Page 196) - 14–14 Metal Roofing (Page 196) - 14–15 Slate (Page 196) - 14–16 Tile (Page 196) - 14–17 Sheets, Tile, and Shingles Formula (Page 197) - 14–18 Liquid Roofing (Page 197) - 14–19 Flashing (Page 197) - 14–20 Insulation (Page 197) - 14–21 Roofing Trim (Page 197) - 14–22 Labor (Page 198) - 14–23 Equipment (Page 198) - 14–24 Checklist (Page 198) - Web Resources (Page 198) - Review Questions (Page 198) - Chapter 15 DOORS AND WINDOWS (Page 199) - 15–1 Window and Curtain Wall Frames (Page 199) - 15–2 Accessories (Page 202) - 15–3 Doors (Page 203) - 15–4 Prefitting and Machining (Premachining) Doors (Page 205) - 15–5 Prefinishing Doors (Page 205) - 15–6 Door Frames (Page 206) - 15–7 Hardware (Page 207) - 15–8 Accessories (Page 207) - 15–9 Checklist for Doors and Frames (Page 207) - 15–10 Glass (Page 207) - Review Questions (Page 208) - Chapter 16 FINISHES (Page 209) - 16–1 Drywall and Wetwall Construction (Page 209) - 16–2 Supporting Construction (Page 209) - 16–3 Suspended Ceiling Systems (Page 212) - 16–4 Types of Assemblies (Page 212) - 16–5 Wallboard Types (Page 213) - 16–6 Drywall Partitions (Page 214) - 16–7 Column Fireproofing (Page 214) - 16–8 Accessories (Page 214) - 16–9 Wetwall Construction (Page 216) - 16–10 Plaster (Page 217) - 16–11 Lath (Page 218) - 16–12 Accessories (Page 220) - 16–13 Drywall and Wetwall Checklist (Page 220) - 16–14 Flooring (Page 220) - Wood Flooring (Page 220) - Laminate Flooring (Page 221) - Resilient Flooring (Page 221) - Carpeting (Page 223) - Tile (Page 224) - 16–15 Painting (Page 224) - 16–16 Floors and Painting Checklist (Page 225) - Web Resources (Page 225) - Review Questions (Page 226) - Chapter 17 ELECTRICAL (Page 227) - 17–1 Electrical Work (Page 227) - 17–2 Single Contracts (Page 227) - 17–3 Separate Contracts (Page 228) - 17–4 Coordination Requirements (Page 228) - 17–5 Checklist (Page 228) - Review Questions (Page 230) - Chapter 18 PLUMBING (Page 231) - 18–1 Plumbing Work (Page 231) - 18–2 Single Contracts (Page 231) - 18–3 Separate Contracts (Page 233) - 18–4 Coordination Requirements (Page 233) - 18–5 Checklist (Page 233) - Review Questions (Page 233) - Chapter 19 HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR-CONDITIONING (Page 234) - 19–1 HVAC Work (Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning) (Page 234) - 19–2 Single Contracts (Page 234) - 19–3 Separate Contracts (Page 234) - 19–4 Coordination Requirements (Page 234) - 19–5 Checklist (Page 235) - Review Questions (Page 236) - Chapter 20 PROFIT (Page 237) - 20–1 Profit (Page 237) - Review Questions (Page 238) - Chapter 21 OTHER ESTIMATING METHODS (Page 239) - 21–1 Overview (Page 239) - 21–2 Project Comparison Method (Page 239) - 21–3 Square-Foot Estimating (Page 240) - 21–4 Assembly Estimating (Page 243) - Web Resources (Page 245) - Review Questions (Page 245) - Appendix A: Drawings and Outline Specifications for Small Commercial Building (Page 246) - Appendix B: Drawings and Outline Specifications for Residential Building Project (Page 248) - Appendix C: Drawings and Outline Specifications for Commercial Building Project (Page 249) - Appendix D: Common Terms Used in the Building Industry (Page 251) - Appendix E: Conversions (Page 256) - Appendix F: Billy’s C-Store (Page 258) - Appendix G: WinEst Software and Spreadsheets (Page 259) - INDEX (Page 274) - A (Page 274) - B (Page 274) - C (Page 275) - D (Page 276) - E (Page 277) - F (Page 277) - G (Page 278) - H (Page 278) - I (Page 279) - J (Page 279) - K (Page 279) - L (Page 279) - M (Page 279) - N (Page 280) - O (Page 280) - P (Page 280) - Q (Page 281) - R (Page 281) - S (Page 282) - T (Page 284) - U (Page 284) - V (Page 284) - W (Page 285)