Python and Tkinter Programming

Table of contents

- PythonAndTkinter (Page 1)
- brief contents (Page 8)
- contents (Page 10)
- preface (Page 16)
- special thanks (Page 18)
- about the reader (Page 20)
- about the author (Page 21)
- conventions (Page 22)
- about the cover (Page 23)
- author online (Page 24)
- Part 1: Basic concepts (Page 26)
- Python (Page 28)
- 1.1 Introduction to Python programming and a feature review (Page 28)
- 1.1.1 Why Python? (Page 29)
- 1.1.2 Where can Python be used? (Page 30)
- 1.2 Key data types: lists, tuples and dictionaries (Page 30)
- 1.2.1 Lists (Page 30)
- 1.2.2 Tuples (Page 32)
- 1.2.3 Dictionaries (Page 33)
- 1.3 Classes (Page 34)
- 1.3.1 How do classes describe objects? (Page 34)
- 1.3.2 Defining classes (Page 34)
- 1.3.3 Neat Python trick #10 (Page 34)
- 1.3.4 Initializing an instance (Page 35)
- 1.3.5 Methods (Page 35)
- 1.3.6 Private and public variables and methods (Page 36)
- 1.3.7 Inheritance (Page 36)
- 1.3.8 Multiple inheritance (Page 36)
- 1.3.9 Mixin classes (Page 36)
- Tkinter (Page 37)
- 2.1 The Tkinter module (Page 37)
- 2.1.1 What is Tkinter? (Page 37)
- 2.1.2 What about performance? (Page 38)
- 2.1.3 How do I use Tkinter? (Page 38)
- 2.1.4 Tkinter features (Page 39)
- 2.2 Mapping Tcl/Tk to Tkinter (Page 39)
- 2.3 Win32 and Unix GUIs (Page 40)
- 2.4 Tkinter class hierarchy (Page 41)
- 2.5 Tkinter widget appearance (Page 42)
- Building an application (Page 43)
- 3.1 Calculator example: key features (Page 46)
- 3.2 Calculator example: source code (Page 46)
- 3.3 Examining the application structure (Page 52)
- 3.4 Extending the application (Page 53)
- Part 2: Displays (Page 54)
- Tkinter widgets (Page 56)
- 4.1 Tkinter widget tour (Page 56)
- 4.1.1 Toplevel (Page 57)
- 4.1.2 Frame (Page 58)
- 4.1.3 Label (Page 60)
- 4.1.4 Button (Page 61)
- 4.1.5 Entry (Page 62)
- 4.1.6 Radiobutton (Page 62)
- 4.1.7 Checkbutton (Page 63)
- 4.1.8 Menu (Page 64)
- 4.1.9 Message (Page 67)
- 4.1.10 Text (Page 68)
- 4.1.11 Canvas (Page 69)
- 4.1.12 Scrollbar (Page 70)
- 4.1.13 Listbox (Page 70)
- 4.1.14 Scale (Page 71)
- 4.2 Fonts and colors (Page 72)
- 4.2.1 Font descriptors (Page 72)
- 4.2.2 X Window System font descriptors (Page 72)
- 4.2.3 Colors (Page 73)
- 4.2.4 Setting application-wide default fonts and colors (Page 74)
- 4.3 Pmw Megawidget tour (Page 74)
- 4.3.1 AboutDialog (Page 75)
- 4.3.2 Balloon (Page 75)
- 4.3.3 ButtonBox (Page 76)
- 4.3.4 ComboBox (Page 77)
- 4.3.5 ComboBoxDialog (Page 78)
- 4.3.6 Counter (Page 79)
- 4.3.7 CounterDialog (Page 80)
- 4.3.8 Dialog (Page 81)
- 4.3.9 EntryField (Page 81)
- 4.3.10 Group (Page 82)
- 4.3.11 LabeledWidget (Page 83)
- 4.3.12 MenuBar (Page 84)
- 4.3.13 MessageBar (Page 84)
- 4.3.14 MessageDialog (Page 86)
- 4.3.15 NoteBookR (Page 86)
- 4.3.16 NoteBookS (Page 87)
- 4.3.17 NoteBook (Page 88)
- 4.3.18 OptionMenu (Page 89)
- 4.3.19 PanedWidget (Page 90)
- 4.3.20 PromptDialog (Page 91)
- 4.3.21 RadioSelect (Page 91)
- 4.3.22 ScrolledCanvas (Page 92)
- 4.3.23 ScrolledField (Page 93)
- 4.3.24 ScrolledFrame (Page 94)
- 4.3.25 ScrolledListbox (Page 95)
- 4.3.26 ScrolledText (Page 95)
- 4.3.27 SelectionDialog (Page 96)
- 4.3.28 TextDialog (Page 97)
- 4.3.29 TimeCounter (Page 98)
- 4.4 Creating new megawidgets (Page 98)
- 4.4.1 Description of the megawidget (Page 98)
- 4.4.2 Options (Page 99)
- 4.4.3 Creating the megawidget class (Page 99)
- Screen layout (Page 102)
- 5.1 Introduction to layout (Page 102)
- 5.1.1 Geometry management (Page 103)
- 5.2 Packer (Page 104)
- 5.2.1 Using the expand option (Page 107)
- 5.2.2 Using the fill option (Page 107)
- 5.2.3 Using the padx and pady options (Page 109)
- 5.2.4 Using the anchor option (Page 109)
- 5.2.5 Using hierarchical packing (Page 109)
- 5.3 Grid (Page 111)
- 5.4 Placer (Page 115)
- 5.5 Summary (Page 119)
- Events, bindings and callbacks (Page 120)
- 6.1 Event-driven systems: a review (Page 120)
- 6.1.1 What are events? (Page 121)
- 6.1.2 Event propagation (Page 122)
- 6.1.3 Event types (Page 122)
- 6.2 Tkinter events (Page 123)
- 6.2.1 Events (Page 123)
- 6.3 Callbacks (Page 127)
- 6.4 Lambda expressions (Page 128)
- 6.4.1 Avoiding lambdas altogether (Page 128)
- 6.5 Binding events and callbacks (Page 129)
- 6.5.1 Bind methods (Page 129)
- 6.5.2 Handling multiple bindings (Page 131)
- 6.6 Timers and background procedures (Page 132)
- 6.7 Dynamic callback handlers (Page 132)
- 6.8 Putting events to work (Page 133)
- 6.8.1 Binding widgets to dynamic data (Page 133)
- 6.8.2 Data verification (Page 136)
- 6.8.3 Formatted (smart) widgets (Page 142)
- 6.9 Summary (Page 144)
- Using classes, composites and special widgets (Page 145)
- 7.1 Creating a Light Emitting Diode class (Page 145)
- 7.1.1 Let’s try that again (Page 151)
- 7.1.2 What has changed? (Page 154)
- 7.2 Building a class library (Page 154)
- 7.2.1 Adding a hex nut to our class library (Page 156)
- 7.2.2 Creating a switch class (Page 158)
- 7.2.3 Building a MegaWidget (Page 161)
- 7.3 Summary (Page 164)
- Dialogs and forms (Page 165)
- 8.1 Dialogs (Page 166)
- 8.1.1 Standard dialogs (Page 166)
- 8.1.2 Data entry dialogs (Page 167)
- 8.1.3 Single-shot forms (Page 171)
- 8.1.4 Tkinter variables (Page 177)
- 8.2 A standard application framework (Page 180)
- 8.3 Data dictionaries (Page 190)
- 8.4 Notebooks (Page 197)
- 8.5 Browsers (Page 200)
- 8.6 Wizards (Page 209)
- 8.7 Image maps (Page 216)
- 8.8 Summary (Page 223)
- Panels and machines (Page 224)
- 9.1 Building a front panel (Page 224)
- 9.2 Modularity (Page 226)
- 9.3 Implementing the front panel (Page 226)
- 9.4 GIF, BMP and overlays (Page 240)
- 9.5 And now for a more complete example (Page 245)
- 9.6 Virtual machines using POV-Ray (Page 257)
- 9.6.1 And now for something completely different... #10 The Example (Page 258)
- 9.7 Summary (Page 261)
- Drawing blobs and rubber lines (Page 262)
- 10.1 Drawing on a canvas (Page 263)
- 10.1.1 Moving canvas objects (Page 268)
- 10.2 A more complete drawing program (Page 269)
- 10.3 Scrolled canvases (Page 276)
- 10.4 Ruler-class tools (Page 279)
- 10.5 Stretching canvas objects (Page 283)
- 10.6 Some finishing touches (Page 287)
- 10.7 Speed drawing (Page 296)
- 10.8 Summary (Page 300)
- Graphs and charts (Page 301)
- 11.1 Simple graphs (Page 301)
- 11.2 A graph widget (Page 304)
- 11.2.1 Adding bargraphs (Page 311)
- 11.2.2 Pie charts (Page 314)
- 11.3 3-D graphs (Page 317)
- 11.4 Strip charts (Page 321)
- 11.5 Summary (Page 323)
- Navigation (Page 325)
- 12.1 Introduction: navigation models (Page 325)
- 12.2 Mouse navigation (Page 326)
- 12.3 Keyboard navigation: “mouseless navigation” (Page 326)
- 12.4 Building navigation into an application (Page 327)
- 12.5 Image maps (Page 330)
- 12.6 Summary (Page 330)
- The window manager (Page 331)
- 13.1 What is a window manager? (Page 331)
- 13.2 Geometry methods (Page 332)
- 13.3 Visibility methods (Page 333)
- 13.4 Icon methods (Page 334)
- 13.5 Protocol methods (Page 334)
- 13.6 Miscellaneous wm methods (Page 335)
- Part 3: Putting it all together... (Page 336)
- Extending Python (Page 338)
- 14.1 Writing a Python extension (Page 338)
- 14.2 Building Python extensions (Page 341)
- 14.2.1 Linking an extension statically in Unix (Page 341)
- 14.2.2 Linking an extension statically in Windows (Page 342)
- 14.2.3 Building a dynamic module in Unix (Page 342)
- 14.2.4 Building a dynamic module in Windows (Page 343)
- 14.2.5 Installing dynamic modules (Page 344)
- 14.2.6 Using dynamic modules (Page 344)
- 14.3 Using the Python API in extensions (Page 344)
- 14.4 Building extensions in C++ (Page 345)
- 14.5 Format strings (Page 346)
- 14.6 Reference counts (Page 349)
- 14.7 Embedding Python (Page 350)
- 14.8 Summary (Page 353)
- Debugging applications (Page 354)
- 15.1 Why print statements? (Page 354)
- 15.2 A simple example (Page 355)
- 15.3 How to debug (Page 358)
- 15.4 A Tkinter explorer (Page 359)
- 15.5 pdb (Page 361)
- 15.6 IDLE (Page 361)
- 15.7 DDD (Page 362)
- Designing effective graphics applications (Page 363)
- 16.1 The elements of good interface design (Page 364)
- 16.2 Human factors (Page 367)
- 16.2.1 Choosing fonts (Page 368)
- 16.2.2 Use of color in graphical user interfaces (Page 369)
- 16.2.3 Size considerations (Page 371)
- 16.3 Alternative graphical user interfaces (Page 371)
- 16.4 Summary (Page 372)
- Programming for performance (Page 373)
- 17.1 Everyday speedups (Page 373)
- 17.1.1 Program organization (Page 374)
- 17.1.2 Using the Python optimizer (Page 375)
- 17.1.3 Examining code (Page 375)
- 17.2 Tkinter performance (Page 375)
- 17.2.1 Keep it short! (Page 375)
- 17.2.2 Eliminate local variables (Page 376)
- 17.2.3 Keep it simple (Page 376)
- 17.2.4 Fast initialization (Page 377)
- 17.2.5 Throttling events (Page 377)
- 17.3 Python techniques (Page 377)
- 17.3.1 Importing modules (Page 378)
- 17.3.2 Concatenating strings (Page 378)
- 17.3.3 Getting nested loops right (Page 379)
- 17.3.4 Eliminate module references (Page 379)
- 17.3.5 Use local variables (Page 380)
- 17.3.6 Using exceptions (Page 381)
- 17.3.7 Using map, filter and reduce (Page 381)
- 17.4 Application profiling (Page 382)
- 17.5 Python extensions (Page 384)
- 17.6 Summary (Page 385)
- Threads and asynchronous techniques (Page 386)
- 18.1 Threading (Page 386)
- 18.1.1 Non-GUI threads (Page 387)
- 18.1.2 GUI threads (Page 390)
- 18.2 “after” processing (Page 394)
- 18.3 Summary (Page 398)
- Distributing Tkinter applications (Page 399)
- 19.1 General issues in distributing applications (Page 399)
- 19.2 Distributing Unix applications (Page 400)
- 19.3 Distributing Win32 applications (Page 401)
- 19.4 Python distribution tools (Page 404)
- Part 4: Appendices (Page 406)
- Mapping Tk to Tkinter (Page 408)
- General Tk widget information (Page 408)
- The Canvas widget (Page 410)
- Canvas item types (Page 413)
- The Entry widget (Page 418)
- The Listbox widget (Page 420)
- The Menu widget (Page 422)
- The Text widget (Page 425)
- Text indices (Page 426)
- The Button widget (Page 430)
- The Checkbutton widget (Page 431)
- The Frame widget (Page 432)
- The Label widget (Page 433)
- The Menubutton widget (Page 434)
- The Message widget (Page 435)
- The Radiobutton widget (Page 436)
- The Scale widget (Page 437)
- The Scrollbar widget (Page 439)
- The Toplevel widget (Page 440)
- The Image class (Page 441)
- The bitmap image type (Page 441)
- The PhotoImage type (Page 441)
- Window information (Page 442)
- The window manager (Page 444)
- Binding and virtual events (Page 445)
- Geometry management (Page 445)
- The pack command (Page 445)
- The place command (Page 445)
- The grid command (Page 446)
- Fonts (Page 447)
- Other Tk commands (Page 448)
- Tkinter reference (Page 450)
- About this appendix (Page 450)
- Common options (Page 450)
- Options shared by most widgets (Page 451)
- Options shared by many widgets (Page 453)
- Inherited methods (Page 458)
- Common widget methods (Page 458)
- Winfo methods (Page 465)
- Wm methods (Page 471)
- Description (Page 471)
- Bitmap class (Page 477)
- Description (Page 477)
- Inheritance (Page 477)
- Shared options (Page 477)
- Options specific to Bitmap (Page 477)
- Methods (Page 478)
- Button (Page 478)
- Description (Page 478)
- Inheritance (Page 479)
- Shared options (Page 479)
- Options specific to Button (Page 480)
- Methods (Page 480)
- Canvas (Page 481)
- Description (Page 481)
- Inheritance (Page 481)
- Shared options (Page 481)
- Options specific to Canvas (Page 482)
- Methods (Page 483)
- Canvas Arc (Page 493)
- Description (Page 493)
- Inheritance (Page 493)
- Shared options (Page 493)
- Options specific to Arc (Page 493)
- Methods (Page 494)
- Canvas bitmap (Page 495)
- Description (Page 495)
- Inheritance (Page 495)
- Shared options (Page 495)
- Options specific to Bitmap (Page 495)
- Methods (Page 495)
- Canvas image (Page 496)
- Description (Page 496)
- Inheritance (Page 496)
- Shared options (Page 496)
- Options specific to Image (Page 496)
- Methods (Page 497)
- Canvas line (Page 497)
- Description (Page 497)
- Inheritance (Page 497)
- Shared options (Page 497)
- Options specific to Line (Page 498)
- Methods (Page 499)
- Canvas oval (Page 499)
- Description (Page 499)
- Inheritance (Page 499)
- Shared options (Page 500)
- Options specific to Oval (Page 500)
- Methods (Page 500)
- Canvas polygon (Page 501)
- Description (Page 501)
- Inheritance (Page 501)
- Shared options (Page 501)
- Options specific to Polygon (Page 501)
- Methods (Page 502)
- Canvas rectangle (Page 502)
- Description (Page 502)
- Inheritance (Page 502)
- Shared options (Page 502)
- Options specific to Rectangle (Page 503)
- Methods (Page 503)
- Canvas text (Page 503)
- Description (Page 503)
- Inheritance (Page 504)
- Shared options (Page 504)
- Options specific to Text (Page 504)
- Methods (Page 504)
- Canvas window (Page 505)
- Description (Page 505)
- Inheritance (Page 505)
- Shared options (Page 505)
- Options specific to Window (Page 505)
- Methods (Page 506)
- Checkbutton (Page 506)
- Description (Page 506)
- Inheritance (Page 507)
- Shared options (Page 507)
- Options specific to Checkbutton (Page 508)
- Methods (Page 509)
- Entry (Page 509)
- Description (Page 509)
- Inheritance (Page 510)
- Shared options (Page 510)
- Options specific to Entry (Page 511)
- Methods (Page 512)
- Font class (Page 514)
- Inheritance (Page 514)
- Description (Page 514)
- Shared options (Page 514)
- Options specific to Font (Page 514)
- Methods (Page 515)
- Functions (Page 516)
- Frame (Page 516)
- Description (Page 516)
- Inheritance (Page 516)
- Shared options (Page 516)
- Options specific to Frame (Page 517)
- Methods (Page 517)
- Grid geometry manager (Page 517)
- Inheritance (Page 517)
- Description (Page 518)
- Shared options (Page 518)
- Options specific to Grid (Page 518)
- Methods (Page 519)
- Label (Page 520)
- Description (Page 520)
- Inheritance (Page 521)
- Shared options (Page 521)
- Methods (Page 521)
- Listbox (Page 522)
- Description (Page 522)
- Inheritance (Page 522)
- Shared options (Page 522)
- Options specific to Listbox (Page 523)
- Methods (Page 524)
- Menu (Page 526)
- Description (Page 526)
- Inheritance (Page 526)
- Shared options (Page 526)
- Options specific to Menu (Page 527)
- Methods (Page 528)
- Menubutton (Page 531)
- Description (Page 531)
- Inheritance (Page 531)
- Shared options (Page 532)
- Options specific to Menubutton (Page 533)
- Methods (Page 533)
- Message (Page 533)
- Description (Page 533)
- Inheritance (Page 534)
- Shared options (Page 534)
- Options specific to Message (Page 535)
- Methods (Page 535)
- OptionMenu class (Page 535)
- Description (Page 535)
- Inheritance (Page 535)
- Shared options (Page 536)
- Options specific to Widget (Page 536)
- Methods (Page 536)
- Pack geometry manager (Page 536)
- Description (Page 536)
- Inheritance (Page 536)
- Shared options (Page 536)
- Options specific to Pack (Page 536)
- Methods (Page 537)
- PhotoImage class (Page 537)
- Description (Page 537)
- Inheritance (Page 538)
- Shared options (Page 538)
- Options specific to PhotoImage (Page 538)
- Methods (Page 539)
- Place geometry manager (Page 541)
- Description (Page 541)
- Inheritance (Page 541)
- Shared options (Page 541)
- Options specific to Place (Page 541)
- Methods (Page 543)
- Radiobutton (Page 544)
- Description (Page 544)
- Inheritance (Page 544)
- Shared options (Page 545)
- Options specific to Radiobutton (Page 545)
- Methods (Page 546)
- Scale (Page 547)
- Description (Page 547)
- Inheritance (Page 547)
- Shared options (Page 547)
- Options specific to Scale (Page 548)
- Methods (Page 549)
- Scrollbar (Page 550)
- Description (Page 550)
- Inheritance (Page 550)
- Shared options (Page 550)
- Options specific to Scrollbar (Page 551)
- Methods (Page 552)
- Text (Page 553)
- Description (Page 553)
- Inheritance (Page 553)
- Shared options (Page 553)
- Options specific to Text (Page 554)
- Methods (Page 557)
- Toplevel (Page 564)
- Description (Page 564)
- Inheritance (Page 564)
- Shared options (Page 564)
- Options specific to Toplevel (Page 565)
- Methods (Page 566)
- Pmw reference: Python megawidgets (Page 567)
- AboutDialog (Page 567)
- Description (Page 567)
- Inheritance (Page 567)
- AboutDialog options (Page 568)
- Components (Page 569)
- Methods (Page 569)
- Functions (Page 569)
- Balloon (Page 570)
- Description (Page 570)
- Inheritance (Page 570)
- Balloon options (Page 570)
- Components (Page 570)
- Methods (Page 571)
- ButtonBox (Page 571)
- Description (Page 571)
- Inheritance (Page 571)
- ButtonBox options (Page 572)
- Components (Page 572)
- Methods (Page 573)
- ComboBox (Page 574)
- Description (Page 574)
- Inheritance (Page 574)
- ComboBox options (Page 574)
- Components (Page 575)
- Methods (Page 575)
- ComboBoxDialog (Page 576)
- Description (Page 576)
- Inheritance (Page 576)
- ComboBoxDialog options (Page 576)
- Components (Page 577)
- Methods (Page 578)
- Counter (Page 578)
- Description (Page 578)
- Inheritance (Page 578)
- Counter options (Page 578)
- Components (Page 580)
- Methods (Page 581)
- CounterDialog (Page 581)
- Description (Page 581)
- Inheritance (Page 581)
- CounterDialog options (Page 581)
- Components (Page 582)
- Methods (Page 582)
- Dialog (Page 583)
- Description (Page 583)
- Inheritance (Page 583)
- Dialog options (Page 583)
- Components (Page 584)
- Methods (Page 584)
- EntryField (Page 584)
- Description (Page 584)
- Validation function return values (Page 585)
- Inheritance (Page 585)
- EntryField options (Page 585)
- Validators (Page 586)
- Components (Page 588)
- Methods (Page 588)
- Group (Page 589)
- Description (Page 589)
- Inheritance (Page 589)
- Group options (Page 589)
- Components (Page 589)
- Methods (Page 590)
- LabeledWidget (Page 590)
- Description (Page 590)
- Inheritance (Page 590)
- LabeledWidget options (Page 590)
- Components (Page 591)
- Methods (Page 591)
- MegaArchetype (Page 591)
- Description (Page 591)
- Inheritance (Page 592)
- Methods (Page 592)
- MegaToplevel (Page 594)
- Description (Page 594)
- Inheritance (Page 595)
- MegaToplevel options (Page 595)
- Components (Page 595)
- Methods (Page 595)
- MegaWidget (Page 596)
- Description (Page 596)
- Inheritance (Page 596)
- Components (Page 596)
- Methods (Page 596)
- MenuBar (Page 597)
- Description (Page 597)
- Inheritance (Page 597)
- MenuBar options (Page 597)
- Components (Page 597)
- Methods (Page 597)
- MessageBar (Page 599)
- Description (Page 599)
- Inheritance (Page 599)
- MessageBar options (Page 599)
- Components (Page 600)
- Methods (Page 600)
- MessageDialog (Page 601)
- Description (Page 601)
- Inheritance (Page 601)
- MessageDialog options (Page 601)
- Components (Page 602)
- Methods (Page 602)
- NoteBook (Page 603)
- Description (Page 603)
- Inheritance (Page 603)
- NoteBook options (Page 603)
- Components (Page 604)
- Methods (Page 604)
- NoteBookR (Page 605)
- Description (Page 605)
- Inheritance (Page 605)
- NoteBookR options (Page 605)
- Components (Page 606)
- Methods (Page 606)
- NoteBookS (Page 607)
- Description (Page 607)
- Inheritance (Page 607)
- NoteBookS options (Page 607)
- Components (Page 608)
- Methods (Page 608)
- OptionMenu (Page 609)
- Description (Page 609)
- Inheritance (Page 609)
- OptionMenu options (Page 609)
- Components (Page 610)
- Methods (Page 610)
- PanedWidget (Page 611)
- Description (Page 611)
- Inheritance (Page 611)
- PanedWidget options (Page 611)
- Pane options (Page 611)
- Components (Page 612)
- Methods (Page 612)
- PromptDialog (Page 612)
- Description (Page 612)
- Inheritance (Page 613)
- PromptDialog options (Page 613)
- Components (Page 613)
- Methods (Page 614)
- RadioSelect (Page 614)
- Description (Page 614)
- Inheritance (Page 614)
- RadioSelect options (Page 615)
- Components (Page 615)
- Methods (Page 616)
- ScrolledCanvas (Page 617)
- Description (Page 617)
- Inheritance (Page 617)
- ScrolledCanvas options (Page 617)
- Components (Page 618)
- Methods (Page 618)
- ScrolledField (Page 619)
- Description (Page 619)
- Inheritance (Page 619)
- ScrolledField options (Page 619)
- Components (Page 619)
- Methods (Page 620)
- ScrolledFrame (Page 620)
- Description (Page 620)
- Inheritance (Page 620)
- ScrolledFrame options (Page 620)
- Components (Page 622)
- Methods (Page 623)
- ScrolledListBox (Page 623)
- Description (Page 623)
- Inheritance (Page 623)
- ScrolledListBox options (Page 623)
- Components (Page 624)
- Methods (Page 625)
- ScrolledText (Page 625)
- Description (Page 625)
- Inheritance (Page 626)
- ScrolledText options (Page 626)
- Components (Page 626)
- Methods (Page 627)
- SelectionDialog (Page 628)
- Description (Page 628)
- Inheritance (Page 628)
- SelectionDialog options (Page 628)
- Components (Page 629)
- Methods (Page 629)
- TextDialog (Page 630)
- Description (Page 630)
- Inheritance (Page 630)
- TextDialog options (Page 630)
- Components (Page 631)
- Methods (Page 631)
- TimeCounter (Page 632)
- Description (Page 632)
- Inheritance (Page 632)
- TimeCounter options (Page 632)
- Components (Page 633)
- Methods (Page 633)
- Building and installing Python, Tkinter (Page 635)
- Building for Unix (Page 635)
- Obtaining source distributions (Page 635)
- Building Tcl (Page 636)
- Building Tk (Page 637)
- Building Python (Page 637)
- Building for Windows (Page 639)
- Obtaining source distributions (Page 639)
- Building Tcl (Page 639)
- Building Tk (Page 640)
- Building Python (Page 640)
- Building for MacOS (Page 641)
- Events and keysyms (Page 642)
- Modifiers (Page 642)
- Event types (Page 643)
- Qualifier (Page 644)
- Keysyms (Page 644)
- E.5.1 Latin-1 (Page 644)
- Cursors (Page 646)
- References (Page 650)
- Resources (Page 650)
- Siomodule (Page 650)
- SWIG (Page 650)
- NumPy (Page 651)
- Python News Group (Page 651)
- Python Imaging Library (PIL) (Page 651)
- PythonWorks (Page 651)
- Python books (Page 651)
- X Window books (Page 652)
- Tcl/Tk books (Page 652)
- Human factors engineering (Page 652)
- index (Page 654)